Term
limits loom large in redistricting
This
story appeared in the Antelope Valley Press April 7, 2001.
By LISA WAHLA
Valley Press Staff Writer
Term
limits will make the messy, political and often litigated process of
redistricting even messier and more political this time around, according to one
expert.
Redrawing
the political maps after each U.S. Census is always difficult. Sacramento
legislators must balance the desires of special interest groups, minority
organizations and powerful politicians as they re-balance districts' populations
after a decade's growth.
Then
throw term limits into the mix, with career-minded politicos eyeing their next
move when they cannot run for their current seats.
"In
the past, the Assembly took care of the Assembly (redistricting) plan and the
Senate took care of the Senate plan," said UCLA law professor Daniel
Lowenstein, a redistricting expert. "It was a fairly orderly process. It's
much larger now - they have to be concerned about which other offices they can
run for. Now they have a much more difficult political situation."
Lowenstein,
who has written extensively on court cases resulting from redistricting
squabbles, said term limits will be the biggest issue facing California
mapmakers this summer.
The
impact already is noticeable in the Antelope Valley, where Sen. William J.
"Pete" Knight and Assemblyman George Runner will term out in 2004 and
2002, respectively.
State
Assembly members are limited to three two-year terms and senators must give up
their seats after two four-year stints after limits were approved by voters in
1990 and upheld by the state Supreme Court in 1991. U.S. Congressional members
face no such limits.
Runner
announced last month he will run for state Senate, but he doesn't know for which
district - or even when.
If
a new Antelope Valley district includes Runner's hometown of Lancaster and
Knight's hometown of Palmdale, Runner will wait until Knight's term ends in
2004. But if the Valley's main cities are split into two senate districts,
Runner could make a bid in 2002.
Making
the situation more difficult, new district maps might not be put out for
consideration until late spring or early fall. That leaves a short window before
the March 2002 primary for potential campaigners.
As
for Knight, the Air Force hero is considering running for a seat on the state
Board of Equalization, which sets tax policy. Again, he doesn't know yet which
district's seat he'd be pursuing.
What
is certain is that every political district containing the Antelope Valley will
shrink. The Valley's exceptional growth has helped its congressional, Senate and
Assembly districts outpace the rest of the state's, so thousands of people must
be shifted into other districts.
The
new Census figures place California's population at 33.8 million, so the 80
assembly districts should each contain about 423,000 people after redistricting.
The 36th District, which covers most of the Antelope and Santa Clarita valleys,
has grown to 473,000 and must be trimmed by nearly 12%.
Mapmakers
will try to formulate senate districts with about 847,000 residents; Knight's
17th District has about 905,000. Nationwide, Congress members will represent
639,000 people. The 25th District seat, held by Santa Clarita Republican Howard
P. "Buck" McKeon, covers close to 700,000 people.
The
same rules apply to Los Angeles County, which grew to 9.5 million: Each district
should have 1.9 million after redistricting. The 5th District, which includes
the Antelope Valley, grew to 1,969,000, and thus should be shrunk by about
65,000 people.
Few
potential maps have been circulated yet for public review. One that has gained
attention, though, would remake the county districts, putting the San Fernando,
Santa Clarita and Antelope valleys together with Burbank and Glendale. Those
valleys have common interests, said map-drawer Alan Clayton of the Chicano
Employees Association.
Clayton's
plan keeps mostly intact Gloria Molina's 76% Latino 1st District and Yvonne
Brathwaite Burke's 2nd District. It creates a San Gabriel Valley seat and a
coastal district combining much of the 4th District with current 3rd District
territory from Santa Monica to Malibu.